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Makalu Base Camp Trek. This trail Take you to the base camp of world’s fifth highest mountain Makalu. Makalu is a close neighbor of Mt Everest, lying in the north-east region of Nepal. The Makalu Barun National Park, established in 1992, covers the Barun Valley which is part of a huge international protected area under an agreement between Nepal and China. The Park spreads just east to the Everest region, covering areas of the Solukhumbu and Sankhuwasabha districts of Nepal.
One of the most popular trekking peaks of Nepal, the Mera Peak (6654m), also lies in the Makalu Barun region. A large variety of common as well as endangered flora and fauna are protected in the region including rhododendrons, orchids, Snow Leopard, Red Panda, Musk Deer, Wild Boar, Wild Yak, Himalayan Thar, and more than 420 varieties of bird species. Some believe the area also to be home to the elusive Himalayan giant, the Yeti.
The Makalu Base Camp begins from Tumlingtar of mid-eastern Nepal, an hour’s flight from Kathmandu. The real walking starts from Chichila, a 3-hour’s drive from Tumlingtar. Following the beautiful Barun river valley in the Makalu Barun National Park, we cross various high passes such as Shipton La, Keke La and lakes such as Kalopokhari etc. While trekking, we rise from lowland of Tumlingtar on the Arun River to one of the highest Base Camps on earth, the Makalu Base Camp at 5000m. While on the way to the Makalu Base Camp, you will enjoy the views of the highest mountains such as Mt. Everest, Mt. Lhotse, Mt. Chamlang, Mt. Baruntse and other Himalayan mountains along with Makalu (8481m) itself.
The Makalu Base Camp trek route is one of Nepal’s most spectacular and remote trekking paths, taking you through diverse landscapes from subtropical forests to high-altitude alpine terrain. This comprehensive guide will help you understand every stage of the journey to the base of the world’s fifth-highest mountain.
Complete Route Overview
The Makalu Base Camp trek begins with a scenic flight from Kathmandu to Tumlingtar (1,010m), followed by a thrilling drive to Num (1,500m), your official starting point. From here, the trail winds through traditional Sherpa and Rai villages, crossing suspension bridges over roaring rivers, ascending through rhododendron and bamboo forests, and eventually reaching the stark, beautiful landscapes of the Makalu-Barun valley.
Key Route Highlights:
The trek follows a well-established path through eight main villages and settlements before reaching Makalu Base Camp at 4,870m. The route strategically gains altitude gradually, allowing for proper acclimatization while showcasing the region’s incredible biodiversity and cultural richness. Unlike the crowded trails of Everest or Annapurna, the Makalu Base Camp trek route offers solitude and authentic wilderness experience.
The Makalu Base Camp trek route is generally well-marked, though not as clearly as more popular routes. Stone cairns, occasional signposts, and prayer flags guide the way. However, hiring an experienced guide is highly recommended for several reasons:
Trail Surface: The path varies from well-maintained stone steps in villages to rough, rocky trails in higher elevations. Expect river crossings on suspension bridges, steep ascents and descents, and glacial moraine walking near base camp.
Seasonal Variations: During spring (March-May), the trail blooms with rhododendrons and offers clearer views. Autumn (September-November) provides stable weather and excellent visibility. Monsoon season (June-August) makes lower sections muddy and leech-infested, while winter (December-February) brings snow to higher elevations, making the trek extremely challenging.
Tumlingtar (1,010m): Small airport town, starting point of the trek Num (1,500m): Traditional village with panoramic valley views Chichila (1,920m): Charming village with Buddhist monastery Seduwa (1,540m): Agricultural village with terraced fields Tashigaon (2,170m): Last permanent settlement, permit checkpoint Khongma Danda (3,560m): High ridge with first major mountain views Shipton La (4,216m): Named after legendary mountaineer Eric Shipton Barun Valley: Pristine glacial valley, heart of the national park Makalu Base Camp (4,870m): Destination with stunning mountain panorama
The total trekking distance from Num to Makalu Base Camp and back is approximately 110-120 kilometers. Daily trekking times vary:
These times depend on your fitness level, weather conditions, and acclimatization needs. It’s essential not to rush this trek, as altitude gain must be gradual to prevent altitude sickness.
The attached Makalu Base Camp trekking map provides a clear visual representation of the entire route. Key features include:
Most trekkers return via the same route, which typically takes 6-7 days from Makalu Base Camp back to Num. The descent is faster but requires attention to avoid knee injuries on steep downhill sections. Some experienced trekkers choose the challenging high pass route via Sherpani Col and West Col, eventually connecting to the Everest region, but this requires technical mountaineering skills and takes an additional 12-15 days.
The Makalu Base Camp trek route has limited infrastructure compared to mainstream trails. Tea houses are basic, offering simple rooms with twin beds and communal dining areas. Electricity is scarce above Tashigaon, with solar panels providing limited power. Cell phone coverage is sporadic, with Ncell network available in some lower villages. There are no ATMs beyond Tumlingtar, so carry sufficient cash for the entire trek.
This route remains one of Nepal’s hidden gems, offering adventure seekers an opportunity to experience Himalayan trekking as it was decades ago authentic, challenging, and spectacularly beautiful.
Upon arrival in the Tribhuvan International airport, our representative will welcome you and will assist to transfer you in your hotel in Kathmandu. You may relax at your hotel or go around for shopping, visit nearby places or make friends perhaps.
At evening Wanderlust Adventure will organize welcome dinner for you in one of the tipical Nepalese restaurant in the heart of Kathmandu meanwhile briefing about your adventurous trip will take place. Overnight at Hotel.
A 50 minutes flight from Kathmandu landing on a bumpy grass airstrip at Tumlingtar. From Tumlingtar, about 3 hours jeep drive on a bumpy road takes to the first camp at Chichila.
A moderately paced walk through the picturesque villages and lush mountain forests. A ridge line with great views on both side and perched on the end is Num. Thunder and lightning make interesting displays in Num evenings.
A steep descent down through the forests and terraced plots of land takes to Arun Khola. Then winding ascends up the other side again. Often quite hot – the forest on the valley sides offer a bit of shade. Makalu National Park starts and we register our permits. Camping right at the top of the village.
Ascend the ridge bounded by the Ipsuwa Khola on the west and Kasuwa Khola to the east. Crossing the hillside through quiet villages and passing by small paddy fields, we reach the village of Tashi Gaon.
Trek upwards towards Khongma. Khongma is the last stop before crossing the Shipton La and dropping down into the upper sections of the remote Barun Valley. The green forests are replaced by scrub and rhododendrons that cover the lower reaches of the mountains.
Rest and acclimatization day allows our bodies to catch up with us before gaining more height. The following day we take on crossing of the Shipton La.
Climb towards the summit of the Shipton La which takes a few hours to reach. After the lake Kalo Pokhari, pass over the Keke La at 4,152m. Marvelous views of Chamlang 7,319m, Peak 6 (6,524m) and Peak 7 (6,758m). After crossing the Keke La pass, we descend down through the beautiful valley to Debotay. Climbing high and sleeping low gives the opportunity for acclimatization.
From Debotay, pass through the Rhododendron forest leads to the Baruni River and the upper reaches of the valley. A pleasant walk, gaining altitude slowly, until we arrive at Yangle Kharka situated at the base of the valley.
Today, we trek to Merek. Since we are gaining height beyond 4, 000 meters, be sure to allow your body the necessary time for acclimatization.
Now we climb up the valley, through yak pastures and boulder fields. On approaching Shersong the south east ridge of Mount Makalu comes into view. Campsite at Shersong.
Make sure that you acclimatize well before walking up to Makalu Base Camp. Enjoy the superb views of the Himalayan mountains throughout the day. Return back to Shersong.
Descend back down the valley and take our last glimpse of Makalu before turning the corner and eventually reaching Yangle Kharka.
Continuing with our descent through the rockfall. Then climb up the rock gully to Mumbuk. We will be again greeted by the greeneries below.
Initial steep climb from Mumbuk through a forest of firs and rhododendrons. Cross the Keke La, Shipton La and Ghungru La. Descend to Khogma again.
Today, we continually descend down to Tashigaon. The descent will be a long and steep one. Cutting across the hillside to eventually reach the Sherpa town of Tashi Gaon.
We are retracing the same path that we came by. We exit the Makalu Barun Camp. Descend down to Arun Khola and Seduwa again. Then another hike through the forest to Num. We follow our footsteps all the way back down to the river. Climb back up the opposite side of the valley to Num.
Again we retrace our steps to Chichila. The final return leg of the trek will see us overnight at Tumlingtar, ready for an early departure to Kathmandu the following day. Transfer to Tumlingtar.
We complete the journey with a flight to Kathmandu. We will return to the welcome haven of the Hotel. Once back in Kathmandu, Himalayan Glacier will host an evening barbecue to celebrate the expedition and as a farewell party to thank the Sherpas for their support and friendship.
Today the journey comes to an end. There’s nothing to do but trade emails with your new friends, organize all your photos and finally depart from Nepal. If departing, you’ll be transferred to the International Airport for your departure flight to your onwards destination. Or get ready for the next adventure.
The Makalu Base Camp trek typically takes 18 days to complete, including travel days from Kathmandu. The actual trekking days are around 14-15 days, with 8-9 days ascending to base camp and 5-6 days returning. This duration allows for proper acclimatization and ensures your safety at high altitudes. Shorter 14-day itineraries are available for experienced trekkers, while some prefer adding extra acclimatization days for a 20-day journey.
The Makalu Base Camp trek cost varies depending on group size and services included:
The cost typically includes permits, guide and porter services, accommodation, meals during the trek, and ground transportation. International flights, travel insurance, personal expenses, and tips are extra.
Yes, the Makalu Base Camp trek is considered very difficult and is recommended for experienced trekkers only. Here’s why:
You should have previous trekking experience at 3,500m+ before attempting this trek.
While technically possible, it is strongly not recommended to trek to Makalu Base Camp without a guide. Here’s why:
Additionally, many tea houses prefer booking through agencies, and solo trekkers may face accommodation challenges during peak season.
The best times for the Makalu Base Camp trek are:
Spring (March to May)
Autumn (September to November)
Avoid: Monsoon (June-August) due to leeches, landslides, and poor visibility. Winter (December-February) brings extreme cold and heavy snow above 3,500m.
You need to be in excellent physical condition. Recommended preparation:
If you can comfortably hike 6-7 hours daily with elevation gain for consecutive days, you’re ready.
Yes, you need multiple permits for the Makalu Base Camp trek:
These permits can be obtained in Kathmandu through registered trekking agencies. You’ll need your passport, passport-sized photos, and travel insurance documents.
Yes, but tea houses are basic and limited compared to popular routes:
Camping is an alternative for those preferring more comfort and flexibility. Many organized treks use a combination of tea houses and camping.
You need standard high-altitude trekking gear including sturdy boots, warm layered clothing, a down jacket, trekking poles, and a cold-rated sleeping bag.
No, technical equipment like ropes, harnesses, ice axes, or crampons is not required as it is a trekking route, not a climbing expedition.
They are usually not necessary, but microspikes can be useful during snowy or icy conditions near high passes.
Yes, a sleeping bag rated around −15°C to −20°C is recommended due to very cold temperatures at higher altitudes.
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